Development of the Patient and Public Involvement Questionnaire (PPIQ) for Canadian Formulary Committees
Lee Verweel (a) | Rachel Goren (a) | Ahmed M. Bayoumi (b, c, d, e) | Kelly K. O’Brien (b, f, g) | Elaine MacPhail (h) | Tamara Rader (i) | James H. Tiessen (a) | Zahava R.S. Rosenberg-Yunger (a)
ABSTRACT
Background: Limited evidence exists on how to evaluate patient and public involvement in setting priorities for healthcare within formulary recommendation committees. This needs to be addressed to create evidence-based patient and public involvement policies. Objective: To develop a Patient and Public Involvement Questionnaire (PPIQ) and describe its development. Methods: The PPIQ was developed using mixed methods including the following phases: item generation and refinement (item bank creation, user feedback sessions); sensibility testing (using Feinstein’s criteria and interviews); and pilot testing. Results: The PPIQ draft was created using a bank of 846 items. This was refined by user feedback sessions (n=7). Another group of participants (n=21) completed a sensibility questionnaire, with a median score 6 out of 7 on 80% of items indicating sensibility. Follow-up interviews (n=14) indicated the PPIQ was clear and appropriate. Pilot testing (n=14) had an average response rate of 25% and a completion time of 19:00 minutes (SD ± 13:46). Conclusions: The PPIQ may be used by agencies to evaluate patient and public involvement in Canada and assist in developing evidence-based patient and public involvement policies.
AUTHOR AFFILIATIONS: a. Health Services Management, Ryerson University, Toronto; b. Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; c. MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions and Division of General Internal Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto; d. Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; e. Division of General Internal Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto; f. Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto; g. Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto; h. Former Senior Advisor, Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), Ottawa; i. Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa.
SUBMISSION: June 14, 2021 | PUBLICATION: July 26, 2021
DISCLOSURES: The authors declared no conflicts of interest. Ahmed Bayoumi was supported by the Fondation Baxter and Alma Ricard Chair in Inner City Health at St. Michael’s Hospital and the University of Toronto. Kelly K. O’Brien is supported by a Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Episodic Disability and Rehabilitation. This research project was supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Operating Grant (136887).
CONTRIBUTIONS: All authors made valuable contributions to the study. ZRY was the PI and responsible for the research activity planning and execution. AB, EM, KKO contributed to the research design of the project. LV, RG and ZRY performed the data collection and analysis. AB, EM, JT, KKO, and TR reviewed and provided feedback on the analysis. LV, RG and ZRY were responsible for writing the original draft. AB, EM, JT, KKO, and TR critically reviewed the manuscript for content and approved the final manuscript.
ETHICS APPROVAL: This research was approved by Research Ethics Boards at Ryerson University (Toronto, Ontario, Canada [REB# 2015-079]) and University of Toronto (Toronto, Ontario, Canada [REB #30921]). All participants provided their consent to participate as well as their consent for publication. The authors elected to not share data in order to retain the confidentiality of research participants. The authors acknowledge and thank all research participants.
CITATION: Lee Verweel et al (2021). Development of the Patient and Public Involvement Questionnaire (PPIQ) for Canadian Formulary Committees. Canadian Health Policy, July 2021. ISSN 2562-9492 www.canadianhealthpolicy.com
